A Method for Supporting Verbalization to Facilitate Observation in Illustration Copy-Drawing

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November 03, 21

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ICEC2021

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明治大学 総合数理学部 先端メディアサイエンス学科 中村聡史研究室

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A Method for Supporting Verbalization to Facilitate Observation in Illustration Copy-Drawing Ippei Sugano Satoshi Nakamura Meiji Univercity Nakamura Laboratory

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Outline Target : Illustration beginners Purpose : Encouraging beginners to observe when creating illustrations Method : Verbalizing the characteristics of the object to be observed during observation Contribution • We have clarified the effectiveness of the proposed method. • We proposed a system for support.

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Introduction Beginners who challenge digital illustration by themselves. it is difficult to create an illustration by yourself. Especially for beginners, the following problems occur. • They can't draw as they want • Out of balance and color

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Pictures drawn by beginners

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Observation when drawing a picture Observation is important in illustration production By observing enough, the balance, color, light, and details of the person's painting can be consistent.

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The picture of Apples drawn by a beginner Sample Bad observation

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The picture of Apples drawn by a beginner Sample Bad observation The part where the apple on the upper left is visible is smaller than the actual one.

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The picture of Apples drawn by a beginner ■ ■ ■ ■ Sample Bad observation The red color of the apple in this picture is drawn in a darker red color. The area around the calyx is orange.

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The picture of Apples drawn by a beginner Sample Bad observation Good observation The picture on the right shows the red tint of the base and the size more accurately.

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The picture of women drawn by a beginner Sample Bad observation

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The picture of women drawn by a beginner Sample Bad observation Comparing the size of the face and shoulders, you can see that the picture drawn by the beginner has a small face.

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The picture of women drawn by a beginner Sample Bad observation There is no depiction in the picture that is black under the mouth or in the shadow.

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Problems for beginners • Many beginners are supposed to observe well → In reality, they do not fully observe

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Reseach question Beginners can't draw as they want because they don't observe enough. We thought we need a way to encourage observation and deepen our thoughts.

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Related reseaches Shadow draw (Yong Jae Lee, Larry Zitnick, and Michael Cohen, 2011.)

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Related reseachs DrawMyPhoto: Assisting Novices in Drawing from Photographs (Blake Williford, Abhay Doke, Michel Pahud, Ken Hinckley, Tracy Hammond 2018)

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Purpose Encouraging beginners who create illustrations by themselves to observe In this study, we will verify the copy-drawing, which is a general practice method and observation is especially important.

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Method → Prompt observation by outputting in words By outputting in words, • Consider carefully when drawing • Be more conscious and observe ・color ・shadow ・shape ・balance

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Experiment purpose We have verified the following. By verbalizing what you noticed about the object to be observed during observation and copying, • Whether beginners can notice • Whether beginners can reflect in the picture

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State during the experiment No verbalization Display a sample LCD tablet

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State during the experiment Verbalization Display a sample Paper to write what you noticed LCD tablet

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Comparison between experimenters Verbalization No verbalization

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Comparison between experimenters Verbalization No verbalization

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Comparison between experimenters Verbalization No verbalization

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Comparison between experimenters Verbalization No verbalization

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Results of repeated measurements • More drawing in small parts Sample No verbalization Verbalization

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Results of repeated measurements • More drawing in small parts Sample No verbalization Verbalization

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Results of repeated measurements • More drawing in small parts Sample No verbalization Verbalization

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Results of repeated measurements • More drawing in small parts Sample No verbalization Verbalization

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Result of Subjective evaluation *(p<0.05) How satisfied are you with Did you draw well as a How similar it is to the the picture? copy? sample? 7 7 7 6 6 5 5 5 4 4 4 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 * 6 No verbalization Verbalization No verbalization Verbalization No verbalization Verbalization

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Consideration • There were many descriptions of the parts that were noticed under the condition of verbalization. • More drawing in small parts → We were able to encourage observation The result of subjective evaluation was higher with verbalization → They can draw as they want

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Consideration ■No verbalization ■ Verbalization • The objective evaluation varied from person to person, and some people had verbalization and had low scores. • All objective evaluation scores were 50% or less. → The observation is not fully reflected in the picture

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System Observation instructions Image to be observed Text box

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Conclusion • Our method proved that the painter was more satisfied with his painting. • Our method has increased the fine drawing of pictures. • The observation is not fully reflected in the picture • It is necessary to encourage observation of relative parts such as the position and size of parts.